Podstatných

Podstatných is the genitive plural form of the Czech adjective podstatný. It appears when the noun it modifies is in genitive plural, most commonly in the phrase podstatných jmen, which refers to nouns within Czech grammar. The underlying term is podstatné jméno, meaning "noun" or "substantive" in traditional grammar.

In linguistic usage, podstatný jméno denotes the grammatical category of nouns. The word podstatných can also be understood through its general sense of "essential" or "substantial" when used outside technical grammar, but in grammar it functions as a declined adjective describing nouns. Adjectives in Czech agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number and case; the genitive plural ending for many adjectives is -ých, which yields podstatných in this context.

Common constructions involve podstatných jmen in phrases that discuss quantity or classification of nouns. For example, Kolik podstatných jmen je v té větě? or Počet podstatných jmen v textu roste. These uses illustrate the genitive plural form of the adjective modifying a plural noun in a genitive function.

Podstatná jména is the more general term for "nouns" in Czech, while podstatných jmen appears specifically in genitive plural contexts. The distinction reflects Czech agreement rules and the syntactic role of the noun phrase within a sentence. See also podstatné jméno for the basic term.