Plazentabarriere

The term Plazentabarriere refers to the barrier formed by the placenta that separates the maternal blood supply from the fetal blood supply during pregnancy. This structure is crucial for the healthy development of the fetus, as it facilitates the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products while preventing the direct mixing of maternal and fetal blood. The barrier is composed of several layers, including the syncytiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast, connective tissue, and endothelium of fetal capillaries.

The Plazentabarriere is not an absolute impermeable barrier. While it effectively prevents the passage of most large molecules and pathogens, certain substances can cross it. These include nutrients like glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, which are essential for fetal growth. Oxygen also readily diffuses across the barrier to supply the fetus. Conversely, waste products like carbon dioxide and urea are transferred from the fetus to the mother for elimination.

However, the Plazentabarriere can also be breached by harmful substances. Viruses, bacteria, certain medications, alcohol, and illicit drugs can pass through, potentially causing adverse effects on fetal development. The effectiveness of the barrier can also be compromised by certain maternal health conditions. Understanding the function and limitations of the Plazentabarriere is vital for prenatal care and ensuring a healthy pregnancy.