Platinayhdisteiden

Platinayhdisteet are chemical compounds that contain platinum. Platinum is a precious metal known for its catalytic properties and use in jewelry and electronics. In chemistry, platinum can exist in various oxidation states, most commonly +2 and +4, forming a wide range of inorganic and organometallic compounds.

A prominent class of platinum compounds are those used in chemotherapy. Cisplatin, discovered in the 1960s, was one of the first platinum-based drugs effective against certain cancers. It works by binding to DNA in cancer cells, preventing them from replicating. Carboplatin and oxaliplatin are other widely used platinum-based chemotherapy drugs, offering different toxicity profiles and efficacy against various types of tumors. These drugs are administered intravenously and can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and damage to the kidneys and nerves.

Beyond medicine, platinum compounds are vital as catalysts in industrial processes. Platinum is a key component in catalytic converters in automobiles, where it facilitates the conversion of harmful exhaust gases like carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides into less toxic substances. It is also used in the production of nitric acid and in petroleum refining. The high cost of platinum drives research into more efficient catalytic systems and the recovery of platinum from spent catalysts. Organoplatinum compounds, containing platinum-carbon bonds, have applications in organic synthesis and material science.