Phosphory

Phosphory is a term that can refer to a few related concepts in chemistry. Primarily, it describes the attachment of a phosphate group to a molecule. This process is known as phosphorylation. Phosphorylation is a crucial biochemical reaction that plays a vital role in many cellular processes. It can activate or deactivate proteins, signal transduction pathways, and store and transfer energy. For example, ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a molecule that stores energy through its phosphate bonds.

The phosphate group itself, PO4^3-, is a derivative of phosphoric acid. When this group is transferred to another molecule, the molecule becomes phosphorylated. This modification is often reversible, with enzymes called phosphatases removing the phosphate group in a process called dephosphorylation. This dynamic cycle of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation allows cells to rapidly control and respond to various stimuli.

In organic chemistry, "phosphory" might also be used in the context of phosphorylating agents, which are chemical compounds used to introduce a phosphate group into another molecule. These can be used in both laboratory synthesis and industrial processes. The specific meaning of "phosphory" will usually be clear from the context in which it is used.