Peròxids

Peròxids are chemical compounds containing a reactive oxygen-oxygen single bond. The basic structure is R-O-O-R', where R and R' can be hydrogen or organic groups. The most common peroxide is hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a colorless liquid widely used as a disinfectant, bleaching agent, and in rocket propulsion. Organic peroxides are characterized by the presence of the peroxide functional group (-O-O-) within an organic molecule. These compounds are often unstable and can decompose exothermically, releasing oxygen and heat. This instability makes them useful as initiators in polymerization reactions for plastics like polyethylene and polystyrene. They are also employed as curing agents for resins and as catalysts. However, their reactivity also poses safety hazards. Many organic peroxides are flammable, explosive, and can react violently with reducing agents or other incompatible materials. Proper handling, storage, and transportation procedures are crucial to prevent accidents. Peroxides are formed through oxidation processes, both industrially and naturally. They play roles in biological systems, although often transiently, and are involved in atmospheric chemistry.