Perikardíusi

Perikardíusi, also known as pericarditis, is an inflammation of the pericardium, the sac that surrounds the heart. It is typically caused by an infection, autoimmune disorders, or certain medications. Symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, and fever. The pain is often described as sharp and may radiate to the neck, jaw, or back. It can be constant or come and go, and may worsen with exertion or deep breathing.

Perikardíusi can be classified into several types based on its cause and characteristics. Acute pericarditis is a sudden onset of symptoms, often following a viral infection, and typically resolves within a few weeks. Chronic pericarditis is a long-term condition that may be caused by autoimmune disorders or certain medications. Constrictive pericarditis is a rare condition where the pericardium becomes thickened and restrictive, leading to heart failure. Effusion pericarditis is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac.

Diagnosis of perikardíusi often involves a physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), and imaging studies such as echocardiography or computed tomography (CT). Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include rest, pain relievers, diuretics, or corticosteroids. In severe cases, pericardiocentesis may be performed to remove excess fluid from the pericardial sac. Prognosis varies depending on the type and severity of the condition, but with appropriate treatment, most people with pericarditis make a full recovery.