Perichondriumare

Perichondriumare is not a recognized term in standard anatomical or histological references. It is likely a misspelling or a neologism that combines perichondrium with a reference to areolar connective tissue or to the perichondrial region surrounding cartilage. This article treats the term as potentially referring to perichondrium or to the interface between perichondrium and surrounding tissues.

Perichondrium is a dense connective tissue layer that envelops most cartilage, except at the articular surfaces of bones in joints and certain forms of cartilage such as fibrocartilage. It consists of two layers: an outer fibrous layer rich in collagen fibers and fibroblasts, and an inner cellular (chondrogenic) layer containing progenitor cells capable of giving rise to new chondrocytes.

Functionally, the perichondrium serves as a source of nutrients for avascular cartilage through diffusion and provides a reservoir of cells for growth and repair of the cartilage. It supports appositional growth, whereby new cartilage is formed at the surface by differentiation of inner-layer cells into chondroblasts.

Clinically, inflammation of the perichondrium, known as perichondritis, can occur, particularly affecting the ear (pinna) and other cartilaginous structures. Significant damage to the perichondrium can compromise cartilage growth, development, and healing, underscoring its role in maintaining cartilage integrity.

See also: perichondrium; cartilage growth and development; areolar connective tissue; perichondritis.