PenicillinG

Penicillin G, also known as benzylpenicillin, is a potent antibiotic belonging to the penicillin class. It is naturally produced by several strains of the bacterium Penicillium chrysogenum. Discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928, its widespread clinical use began in the 1940s. Penicillin G is effective against a range of Gram-positive bacteria, as well as some Gram-negative cocci and spirochetes. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, leading to cell death.

The primary route of administration for Penicillin G is typically intravenous or intramuscular injection, as it is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is often used to treat infections such as pneumonia, scarlet fever, syphilis, and certain types of meningitis. However, its use can be limited by bacterial resistance, which has emerged over time. Allergic reactions, ranging from mild rashes to severe anaphylaxis, are a significant concern and a contraindication for its use in susceptible individuals. Development of semi-synthetic penicillin derivatives has broadened the spectrum of activity and improved pharmacokinetic properties compared to naturally occurring Penicillin G.