Partikelinfall

Partikelinfall is a term used in atmospheric physics and meteorology to describe the deposition of particulate matter from the atmosphere onto surfaces. This deposition can occur through two primary mechanisms: dry deposition and wet deposition. Dry deposition involves the settling of particles due to gravity or their impaction onto surfaces caused by turbulence. Wet deposition, on the other hand, occurs when particles are scavenged from the atmosphere by precipitation, such as rain or snow, and then deposited on the ground.

The rate of particle infall is influenced by several factors, including the size and density of the particles, atmospheric conditions like wind speed and turbulence, and the characteristics of the surface receiving the deposition. Larger and denser particles tend to settle more quickly, while turbulent air can enhance particle transport to surfaces. Surface properties such as roughness and wetness also play a role in the efficiency of deposition.

Partikelinfall is a significant process in the Earth's ecosystem. It contributes to nutrient cycling, as atmospheric particles can carry essential elements like nitrogen and phosphorus to terrestrial and aquatic environments. However, it can also lead to the deposition of harmful pollutants, such as heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants, with adverse effects on environmental and human health. Understanding particle infall is crucial for air quality modeling, environmental impact assessments, and the study of biogeochemical processes.