Pandæmonium

Pandæmonium is a term derived from Greek mythological roots, describing a place of demonic creatures or the realm of the leader of the fallen angels, Satan. In Christian demonology, the concept refers to the fictional abode of all malevolent spirits, a domain governed by the lesser orders of fallen angels. The term first gained prominence in John Milton's epic poem "Paradise Lost" (1667), where it serves as the manifestation of Satan's stronghold, where angels rebel against God.

In literary works and in popular culture, Pandæmonium is depicted as a twisted, hellish landscape or the central hub of demonic activity. The fictional location often serves as the settings for pivotal events in the mythology and stories surrounding fallen angels and other supernatural entities. This conceptual portrayal has been varied across different eras, including throughout the Renaissance and Enlightenment periods.

Throughout the early modern period, the concept of Pandæmonium developed from the imaginative ideas of classical writers to organized symbols of malevolent power found in radical and mystical metaphysics. For example, in the literature of early modern Europe, notably in Aleister Crowley's "The Book of the Law" (1904), a culturally adapted variant of the Satanic throne, claiming prominence in Ceremonial magic practices. This personality of the influence also captured attention in contemporary English folklore studies on English cunning men and their cunning terms.