Pahlavidynastieën

The Pahlavi dynasty was the last imperial dynasty of Iran, ruling from 1925 to 1979. The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah Pahlavi, who rose to power as a military commander during the Qajar dynasty's decline. He was crowned Shah in 1925, establishing a new era for Iran.

Reza Shah implemented sweeping modernization and secularization reforms, aiming to transform Iran into a strong, independent nation. He focused on developing infrastructure, education, and the military, and reduced the influence of the clergy. His son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, succeeded him in 1941.

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi continued many of his father's policies, overseeing a period of significant economic growth driven by oil revenues. This era, often referred to as the "White Revolution," included land reform, nationalization of industries, and granting suffrage to women. However, his rule became increasingly authoritarian, characterized by a powerful secret police (SAVAK) and suppression of dissent.

Growing discontent, fueled by social inequalities, political repression, and the perceived Westernization of the country, culminated in the Iranian Revolution of 1979. The revolution led to the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty and the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Mohammad Reza Pahlavi went into exile and died shortly after. The Pahlavi era is remembered for its attempts at modernization and secularization, as well as the eventual popular uprising that ended its rule.