PPARagonister
PPAR agonists are compounds that activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a family of nuclear receptors that regulate gene expression related to lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and inflammation. When bound by a ligand, PPARs form a heterodimer with retinoid X receptors and bind to PPAR response elements in DNA to modulate transcription, influencing metabolic pathways and cellular energy use.
There are three main PPAR subtypes: alpha, gamma, and delta (beta). PPAR-alpha is highly expressed in liver,
Clinically used PPAR agonists fall into different groups. PPAR-alpha agonists, known as fibrates (for example, gemfibrozil
Safety and adverse effects vary by agent. Fibrates can interact with statins and increase the risk of