Põletikurakkudel

Põletikurakkudel is a term used in Estonian to refer to cells involved in the inflammatory process. Inflammation is a complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. It is a protective response aimed at removing the cause of injury, clearing out dead and damaged cells and tissues, and initiating tissue repair.

The cells that are considered põletikurakkudel are diverse and include various types of white blood cells (leukocytes). Key players in this cellular army include neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and mast cells, among others. Neutrophils are typically the first responders, rapidly migrating to the site of injury to engulf and destroy pathogens. Macrophages, which develop from monocytes, are also crucial phagocytic cells that clear debris and pathogens, and they play a significant role in initiating and resolving inflammation. Lymphocytes, such as T cells and B cells, are involved in the adaptive immune response, targeting specific pathogens and producing antibodies. Mast cells release histamine and other mediators that contribute to the characteristic signs of inflammation, such as redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

These cells communicate with each other and with other cells in the body through signaling molecules called cytokines and chemokines. This intricate communication network orchestrates the inflammatory response, ensuring that it is appropriately targeted and regulated. While essential for defense and repair, chronic or dysregulated inflammation can lead to various diseases, highlighting the importance of understanding the functions of põletikurakkudel.