Oxyclines

Oxyclines are a class of synthetic antibiotics derived from oxytetracycline. They share a broad spectrum of activity against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The general mechanism of action for oxyclines, like other tetracyclines, involves inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. This binding prevents the attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA to the messenger RNA-ribosome complex, thereby halting the elongation of polypeptide chains. Their uses include the treatment of various bacterial infections, such as respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and certain sexually transmitted infections. However, their use can be associated with side effects, including gastrointestinal upset, photosensitivity, and tooth discoloration in developing teeth. Resistance to oxyclines can develop in bacteria through several mechanisms, including ribosomal modification, efflux pumps, and enzymatic inactivation. Due to the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance, the judicious use of oxyclines is important, and they are often prescribed when other antibiotics are not suitable or effective. They are typically administered orally, although intravenous formulations may also be available for certain indications.