Ornidazol

Ornidazol is a medication belonging to the nitroimidazole class of antibiotics and antiprotozoals. It is used to treat a variety of infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoa. Its mechanism of action involves entering the microbial cell and undergoing reduction by specific enzymes present in anaerobic organisms. This reduction process generates toxic intermediates that disrupt the microbial DNA and inhibit nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately leading to cell death.

The primary indications for ornidazol include the treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, and giardiasis. It is also effective against bacterial vaginosis and infections caused by anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides fragilis. Ornidazol is typically administered orally, though intravenous formulations may be available for severe infections. The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the specific infection being treated and the patient's condition.

Common side effects associated with ornidazol use are generally mild and may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Neurological side effects, such as dizziness, headache, and peripheral neuropathy, can occur but are less frequent. It is important to consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment, as ornidazol should only be used when prescribed. Contraindications include hypersensitivity to ornidazol or other nitroimidazole derivatives, and caution should be exercised in patients with central nervous system disorders.