Oreochrominae

Oreochrominae is a subfamily of freshwater fish belonging to the family Cichlidae. This subfamily primarily encompasses tilapias, a group of cichlids native to Africa and the Middle East. Members of Oreochrominae are characterized by their diverse habitats, ranging from rivers and lakes to brackish waters. They are known for their omnivorous diets, feeding on a variety of plant matter, insects, and small invertebrates.

Economically, Oreochrominae species, particularly those within the genus Oreochromis, are of significant importance. Many species are widely cultivated in aquaculture worldwide due to their rapid growth rates and adaptability. Tilapia are a staple food source in many regions and are a major commodity in global fish markets. Their ease of breeding and tolerance to various water conditions have made them a popular choice for fish farming.

Reproductively, Oreochrominae exhibit fascinating parental care strategies. Many species are mouthbrooders, where one or both parents incubate the eggs and young within their mouths until they are sufficiently developed. This behavior offers protection to the offspring from predators and environmental changes. The subfamily's adaptability and reproductive success have contributed to their widespread distribution and ecological presence.