Onderarmen

Onderarmen refers to the part of the human arm located between the elbow and the wrist. It consists of two long bones, the radius and the ulna, which articulate with each other and allow for rotational movements of the forearm. The forearm muscles are responsible for a wide range of motions, including flexion and extension of the elbow and wrist, as well as supination and pronation of the hand.

The muscles of the forearm can be broadly categorized into anterior (flexor) and posterior (extensor) compartments. The anterior muscles are primarily responsible for flexing the wrist and fingers and pronating the forearm. These include muscles like the pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, and various finger flexors. The posterior muscles, on the other hand, are responsible for extending the wrist and fingers and supinating the forearm. Key muscles in this group include the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, and extensor carpi ulnaris.

The forearm is also home to major nerves and blood vessels that supply the hand and forearm itself. The radial nerve, median nerve, and ulnar nerve all pass through the forearm, providing motor and sensory innervation. The brachial artery divides into the radial and ulnar arteries within the forearm, supplying blood to the area and its structures. Injuries to the forearm can range from fractures of the radius or ulna to strains or tears of the forearm muscles, as well as nerve compression syndromes like carpal tunnel syndrome.