Näringämnen

Näringämnen are substances that living organisms need for growth, metabolism, and general health. They are typically obtained from food and can be broadly categorized into macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients are required in larger amounts and provide energy and building blocks for the body. These include carbohydrates, which are the primary source of energy; proteins, essential for building and repairing tissues, as well as for various bodily functions; and fats, which provide energy, insulate organs, and are crucial for hormone production and nutrient absorption.

Micronutrients, on the other hand, are needed in smaller quantities but are vital for a wide range of physiological processes. Vitamins are organic compounds that play critical roles in metabolism, immune function, and cell repair. They are classified as fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) or water-soluble (B vitamins, C). Minerals are inorganic elements that are essential for bone health, nerve function, fluid balance, and many other bodily processes. Examples include calcium, iron, potassium, and zinc. Water is also considered a crucial nutrient, indispensable for hydration, temperature regulation, and nutrient transport. A balanced intake of all these näringämnen is necessary for maintaining good health and preventing deficiency-related diseases.