Nitrolääkkeiden

Nitrolääkkeet, also known as nitrates, are a class of medications primarily used to treat and prevent chest pain associated with angina pectoris, a condition caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. They work by dilating blood vessels, including the coronary arteries that supply the heart. This dilation increases blood flow and oxygen delivery to the heart muscle, thereby relieving the pain.

The most common forms of nitrolääkkeet include nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, and isosorbide mononitrate. Nitroglycerin is often administered sublingually (under the tongue) for rapid relief of acute angina attacks. It is also available in longer-acting forms like patches and oral tablets for prevention. Isosorbide dinitrate and mononitrate are typically taken orally or as sublingual tablets for sustained effect.

Nitrolääkkeet can cause side effects such as headache, dizziness, flushing, and a drop in blood pressure. Tolerance to these medications can develop with continuous use, necessitating intermittent dosing schedules for some formulations to maintain effectiveness. They are contraindicated in individuals taking phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (like sildenafil) due to the risk of a dangerous drop in blood pressure. Healthcare providers prescribe nitrolääkkeet based on the individual patient's condition and medical history.