Nestetyppeä

Nestetyppeä, also known as liquid nitrogen, is the liquefied form of the element nitrogen. At standard atmospheric pressure, it boils at -196 degrees Celsius (-320.8 degrees Fahrenheit). Nitrogen makes up approximately 78% of Earth's atmosphere, and it is separated from other atmospheric gases through cryogenic distillation. Liquid nitrogen is a clear, colorless liquid that appears similar to water but is much colder.

Due to its extremely low temperature, liquid nitrogen has a wide range of applications. It is frequently used in scientific research and industry for cryogenics, freezing biological samples, and cooling superconducting magnets. In medicine, it is employed for cryotherapy, treating skin conditions, and preserving tissues and cells. The food industry utilizes liquid nitrogen for rapid freezing of food products, which can help maintain texture and flavor. It also finds use in special effects for creating fog or smoke in entertainment.

Handling liquid nitrogen requires strict safety precautions. Its extreme cold can cause severe frostbite upon contact with skin or eyes. In enclosed spaces, the evaporation of liquid nitrogen can displace oxygen, leading to asphyxiation. Therefore, it must be handled in well-ventilated areas with appropriate personal protective equipment, including insulated gloves and eye protection. When stored, it must be kept in specialized vacuum-insulated containers called dewars to minimize evaporation.