Neeldumises

Neeldumises is a term of Estonian origin that translates to "swallowing" or "ingestion" in English. It refers to the process by which a substance, typically food or drink, is taken into the body through the mouth and passed down the esophagus into the stomach. This physiological action is fundamental to sustenance and involves a complex coordination of muscles in the mouth, pharynx, and esophagus, as well as nervous system control.

The act of neeldumises begins with mastication, or chewing, which breaks down food into smaller, more manageable pieces. Saliva is mixed with the food, aiding in lubrication and the initial stages of digestion. Once a suitable bolus is formed, the tongue pushes it towards the back of the throat, initiating the pharyngeal phase of swallowing. This phase is involuntary and involves the epiglottis closing off the airway to prevent food from entering the lungs.

Following the pharyngeal phase, the bolus enters the esophagus, where peristalsis, a series of muscular contractions, propels it downwards towards the stomach. The esophageal phase is also involuntary. The entire process of neeldumises is crucial for nutrient absorption and waste elimination, and disruptions to this function can lead to various health issues, including dysphagia.