Natriumoxybat

Natriumoxybat, also known as sodium oxybate, is the sodium salt of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). It is a central nervous system depressant that occurs naturally in the brain and is also a controlled substance in many countries. In the United States, it is marketed under the brand name Xyrem for the treatment of cataplexy and excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy.

The mechanism of action of natriumoxybat is not fully understood but is believed to involve its interaction with GABA receptors, particularly GABA-B receptors. It is thought to modulate neurotransmitter release and reduce neuronal excitability. When used therapeutically for narcolepsy, it is administered orally in two divided doses, typically at bedtime and then again about 2.5 to 4 hours later.

The use of natriumoxybat is associated with several potential side effects, including dizziness, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, and insomnia. More serious side effects can include respiratory depression, sleepwalking, and impaired judgment. Due to its potential for abuse and dependence, natriumoxybat is subject to strict regulations and is available only through a restricted distribution program. It is also important to note that natriumoxybat can interact with other central nervous system depressants, including alcohol, which can increase the risk of severe side effects.