Narratologiaa

N narratologiaa is a scholarly field focused on the study of narrative structures, storytelling processes, and their effects on audiences across media. It analyzes how stories are constructed, transmitted, and interpreted, including literary works, films, television, comics, video games, and digital media.

The field has roots in traditional narratology, which emerged from literary theory in the mid-20th century. Important figures include Vladimir Propp, Mikhail Bakhtin, Gérard Genette, Roland Barthes, and Tzvetan Todorov, who examined devices like plot, perspective, and discourse. Narratologiaa extends these ideas to contemporary media, including interactive and multimedia formats.

Key concepts encompass the distinction between story and discourse, narrator and focalization, and how plot is shaped by order, duration, and frequency. Other focus areas include diegesis, narrational voice, reliability, and metafiction. Intertextuality and intermediality are also central, as researchers examine how narratives reference other texts and move across media platforms.

Methodologically, narratologiaa employs close reading, formal and semiotic analysis, and comparative studies. It increasingly incorporates computational, corpus-based, and quantitative approaches for analyzing large-scale or digital narratives. The field maintains interdisciplinary links with film studies, game studies, cognitive science, linguistics, and media studies.

Applications include critical analysis of novels, films, comics, and television, as well as examination of video games and transmedia storytelling. Some critics note that narratologiaa can overemphasize structural aspects at the expense of cultural context or non-Western storytelling traditions, prompting ongoing methodological refinement.