Nanoliposomes

Nanoliposomes are microscopic lipid-based vesicles with diameters typically ranging from 20 to 1000 nanometers. They are composed of one or more lipid bilayers enclosing an aqueous core. The structure of nanoliposomes is similar to that of cell membranes, which are also composed of lipid bilayers. This structural similarity makes them biocompatible and biodegradable.

Nanoliposomes are created through various formulation techniques, often involving the hydration of lipid films or sonication of lipid dispersions. The choice of lipids used in their formulation is critical, as it influences the stability, size, and drug-loading capacity of the nanoliposomes. Common lipids include phospholipids, cholesterol, and various charged lipids.

The primary application of nanoliposomes is in drug delivery. Their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs makes them versatile carriers for a wide range of therapeutic agents. Drugs can be dissolved or dispersed within the aqueous core or the lipid bilayer, depending on their solubility. This encapsulation can protect the drug from degradation, alter its pharmacokinetic profile, and enable targeted delivery to specific tissues or cells.

Beyond drug delivery, nanoliposomes are being explored for applications in cosmetics, food technology, and diagnostics. Their nanoscale size allows for improved penetration into biological barriers, and their unique structure can be modified to achieve specific functionalities. Research continues to focus on optimizing nanoliposome formulations for enhanced stability, controlled release, and improved therapeutic efficacy.