NPTsáttmálinn

NPTsáttmálinn, also known as the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), is a landmark international treaty aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, promoting cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and furthering the goal of nuclear disarmament. It was opened for signature in 1968 and entered into force in 1970. The NPT is widely considered the cornerstone of the global non-proliferation regime.

The treaty has three main pillars. First, non-nuclear-weapon states parties to the treaty agree not to acquire nuclear weapons. Second, nuclear-weapon states parties undertake to not transfer nuclear weapons or control over them to any recipient. Third, all parties agree to pursue negotiations in good faith on effective measures relating to cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and to nuclear disarmament, and on a treaty on general and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control.

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is entrusted with the task of verifying that states comply with their non-proliferation commitments. While the NPT has been successful in limiting the number of nuclear-weapon states, challenges remain, including states that have withdrawn from the treaty or are suspected of pursuing nuclear weapons in violation of their obligations. Despite these challenges, the NPT continues to be a vital instrument in efforts to prevent nuclear proliferation and promote global security.