Májterületek

Májterületek, often translated as "liver areas" or "hepatic regions," refers to the anatomical divisions of the liver used in surgical and radiological contexts. Unlike the anatomical lobes, which are based on external morphology and vascular supply, májterületek are defined by their segmental vascular supply, meaning each segment receives blood from a specific branch of the hepatic artery and portal vein, and is drained by a specific hepatic vein. This functional division is crucial for precise surgical resection, allowing surgeons to remove diseased portions of the liver while preserving healthy tissue and maintaining adequate blood flow to the remaining segments.

There are typically eight májterületek, numbered from I to VIII, following a specific pattern around the liver. Segment I is the caudate lobe. Segments II and III are the superior and inferior left lateral segments, respectively. Segments IVa and IVb are the superior and inferior medial segments, respectively. Segments V and VI are the superior and inferior anterior segments, respectively. Segments VII and VIII are the superior and inferior posterior segments, respectively. This system, often referred to as the Couinaud classification, is widely adopted worldwide. Understanding these functional segments is essential for accurate diagnosis, staging of liver diseases, and planning of liver transplantation.