Myöhäisaikuisuus

Myöhäisaikuisuus, also known as late adulthood or elder adulthood, is a developmental stage typically encompassing the years from around age 65 until death. This period is characterized by significant physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes. Physically, individuals may experience a decline in sensory abilities, reduced mobility, and an increased susceptibility to chronic health conditions. Cognitive functions can vary, with some individuals maintaining sharp mental acuity while others may face challenges with memory, processing speed, or executive functions.

Psychosocially, late adulthood is often a time of reflection, reevaluation, and adjustment. Many individuals experience retirement from full-time employment, leading to changes in social roles and daily routines. Family dynamics can also shift, with individuals often becoming grandparents and navigating evolving relationships with their adult children. A key aspect of this stage is the process of life review, where individuals reflect on their past accomplishments, regrets, and overall life experiences.

Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development identifies "ego integrity versus despair" as the central conflict of late adulthood. Successfully navigating this stage leads to a sense of wisdom and fulfillment, while failure can result in feelings of bitterness and regret. Societal attitudes towards late adulthood can influence the experiences of individuals in this age group, with stereotypes about aging sometimes posing challenges. However, many older adults remain active, engaged, and contribute significantly to their communities. Successful aging is often associated with maintaining social connections, engaging in meaningful activities, and adapting to life's changes.