Mundbodenbereich

Mundbodenbereich, also known as the oral cavity floor, is the anatomical region located at the base of the mouth. It is bounded by the hard palate superiorly, the tongue anteriorly, and the floor of the mouth posteriorly. The oral cavity floor is composed of various structures, including the mylohyoid muscle, the hyoid bone, and the lingual tonsil.

The mylohyoid muscle is a thin, flat muscle that runs horizontally from the mandible to the hyoid bone. It plays a crucial role in elevating the tongue and hyoid bone during swallowing and speech. The hyoid bone is a U-shaped bone located in the floor of the mouth, just superior to the thyroid cartilage. It serves as an attachment point for several muscles and is essential for the movement of the tongue and jaw.

The lingual tonsil, also known as the tonsil, is a lymph node located at the posterior part of the oral cavity floor. It is part of the Waldeyer's ring, a group of lymphoid tissues that help protect the body from infections. The lingual tonsil can be enlarged in conditions such as tonsillitis or chronic tonsillitis.

The oral cavity floor is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX) and the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X). These nerves provide sensory and motor innervation to the structures in the oral cavity floor, including the mylohyoid muscle, the hyoid bone, and the lingual tonsil.

The oral cavity floor is an important anatomical region that plays a significant role in various physiological processes, including swallowing, speech, and immune function. Understanding the structures and functions of the oral cavity floor is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of various oral and systemic diseases.