Muhafaza

Muhafaza is an administrative division used in several countries, most notably in Egypt and Syria. The term is derived from the Arabic word "muhafazah," which means "protection" or "guardianship." In Egypt, a muhafaza is equivalent to a governorate, and it is the primary administrative division of the country. Each muhafaza is governed by a muhafaz, who is appointed by the President of Egypt. The muhafaza is further divided into centers (markaz) and districts (qism). The capital of each muhafaza serves as the administrative center and is often the largest city within the division. In Syria, the term muhafaza is also used to refer to the administrative divisions of the country, although the structure and governance differ from those in Egypt. The muhafaza system is designed to facilitate local governance and administration, with each division responsible for its own affairs while also contributing to the national framework. The muhafaza system has been in place in Egypt since the 19th century and in Syria since the early 20th century, and it has evolved over time to adapt to changing political and social conditions.