Mottövergången

Mottövergången refers to a historical period in Sweden during the 17th century characterized by significant changes in the country's economic and social structures, particularly concerning the role of guilds and the introduction of new trade practices. The term itself, meaning "guild transition," highlights the shift away from the traditional guild system that had long dominated urban commerce.

During this era, the Swedish crown actively sought to modernize the economy and stimulate trade and industry. This involved implementing policies that challenged the monopolies and restrictive regulations of the established guilds. The government encouraged the establishment of new types of businesses and industries, often outside the direct control of the guilds, and sometimes granted privileges to foreign merchants and entrepreneurs.

This transition was not always smooth. Existing guilds often resisted these changes, seeing them as a threat to their established positions and livelihoods. However, the broader economic and political forces at play, including the increasing influence of mercantilist ideas and the need for greater state revenue, ultimately led to a gradual weakening of the guild system.

The Mottövergången had long-term consequences for Swedish economic development. It contributed to increased competition, the diversification of goods and services, and laid some groundwork for later industrialization. While guilds did not disappear entirely, their dominance waned, paving the way for a more dynamic and open commercial environment.