Monocle

A monocle is a single circular lens worn in front of one eye to correct vision or for optical emphasis. It is typically housed in a small metal or integrated frame and may be held in place by the surrounding muscles, a nose pad, or a retainer chain or cord. Unlike eyeglasses that cover both eyes, the monocle targets only one eye and is used with the other eye left uncovered.

The design varies from simple round lenses to more elaborate frames with a hinge or screw for fit adjustments. Some monocles include a nose bridge or pad to help stabilize the lens on the eye socket, while others rely on the wearer’s eye musculature for retention. A common accessory is a short chain or ribbon that connects the monocle to clothing to prevent loss.

Historically, the monocle emerged in Europe in the 18th or early 19th century and became associated with upper-class fashion, professionals, and certain professions. It reached peak prominence in the late 19th and early 20th centuries before declining with the wider adoption of modern spectacles and contact lenses. Today, monocles are primarily seen as novelty items, costume pieces, or vintage fashion.

In culture, the monocle is frequently depicted as a symbol of refined or eccentric persona and is used in film, theater, and fashion to evoke a bygone era. While largely obsolete as a practical eyewear solution, it remains a recognizable element in discussions of eyewear history and style.