Moczowodowy

Moczowodowy refers to anything related to the ureters, the two tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. These tubes are part of the urinary system. Each ureter is a muscular tube about 25-30 centimeters long in adults, with a diameter of about 5-7 millimeters. They are lined with a mucous membrane and surrounded by smooth muscle.

The function of the ureters is to transport urine from the renal pelvis of each kidney down to the bladder. This movement is achieved through peristalsis, a series of wave-like muscular contractions that propel the urine downwards. Gravity also plays a role, but peristalsis is the primary mechanism for ensuring urine flow even against gravity. The ureters enter the bladder at an oblique angle, which helps to prevent backflow of urine from the bladder into the ureters.

Conditions affecting the ureters can include infections (ureteritis), the formation of kidney stones that may obstruct the ureter, or trauma. Ureteral stones can cause severe pain, known as renal colic, as they try to pass through the narrow tubes. Blockages in the ureters can lead to a buildup of urine in the kidneys, potentially causing kidney damage if not treated. Medical imaging techniques such as ultrasound, CT scans, and intravenous urography are often used to visualize and diagnose problems within the ureters.