Mjältefunktionens

Mjältefunktionen refers to the various roles and processes carried out by the spleen in the body. The spleen is a small, organ located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen, beneath the diaphragm. It is part of the lymphatic system and plays a crucial role in the immune system and blood filtration.

One of the primary functions of the spleen is to filter blood. It removes old and damaged red blood cells, microorganisms, and cellular debris from the bloodstream. This filtration process is vital for maintaining the quality and health of circulating blood. The spleen also acts as a reservoir for blood, particularly red blood cells and platelets, which can be released into circulation during times of need, such as significant bleeding.

Furthermore, the spleen is a significant site for immune responses. It contains lymphocytes, including T cells and B cells, as well as macrophages. These immune cells identify and neutralize pathogens like bacteria and viruses that enter the bloodstream. B cells in the spleen produce antibodies, which are essential for targeting and eliminating infections. The spleen is particularly important in defending the body against encapsulated bacteria.

In certain situations, the spleen can be surgically removed (splenectomy). While individuals can live without a spleen, they are at an increased risk of certain infections. Therefore, those who have had their spleen removed often require vaccinations and prophylactic antibiotics to mitigate this risk. The remaining functions of the immune and blood filtration systems are then largely taken over by other organs like the liver and lymph nodes.