Mikronäringsjoner

Mikronäringsjoner refer to mineral elements that are essential for the growth and development of plants, animals, and humans, but are required in very small quantities. These nutrients are typically absorbed by organisms in their ionic forms from their environment. For plants, essential micronutrient ions include iron (Fe2+ or Fe3+), manganese (Mn2+), zinc (Zn2+), copper (Cu2+), boron (as boric acid or borate ions), molybdenum (as molybdate ions, MoO42-), and chlorine (Cl-). These ions play crucial roles in various metabolic processes such as enzyme activation, photosynthesis, respiration, and hormone synthesis.

In animals and humans, micronutrient ions are commonly referred to as trace minerals. Examples include iron (Fe2+ or Fe3+), zinc (Zn2+), copper (Cu2+), manganese (Mn2+), iodine (I-), selenium (as selenite SeO32- or selenate SeO42-), and cobalt (Co2+). These ions are vital components of enzymes, hormones, and other biological molecules, influencing everything from oxygen transport and immune function to thyroid hormone production and antioxidant defense. Deficiencies in these micronutrient ions can lead to a range of health problems. The availability and uptake of these ions are influenced by factors such as soil or water pH, the presence of other ions, and the physiological state of the organism.