Microbiometargeted

Microbiometargeted describes strategies that aim to modify the host-associated microbiome to influence health. It encompasses approaches that change microbial composition (which organisms are present) and/or microbial function (what they do). Methods include diet-based interventions, probiotics and prebiotics, synbiotics, live biotherapeutic products, targeted antibiotics or bacteriophages, fecal microbiota transplantation, and therapies that alter microbial metabolites.

Although most work concentrates on the gut microbiome, other microbial communities such as oral, skin, and vaginal microbiota are also targeted to treat disease and influence health outcomes.

Evidence ranges from supportive clinical data for specific indications to exploratory research; efficacy often depends on context, host genetics, diet, and disease state. Microbiometargeted therapies are being developed across indications, with emphasis on safety, monitoring of microbial ecology, and metabolic effects.

Regulatory considerations vary by jurisdiction. Fecal microbiota transplantation has regulatory approvals in some countries for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection, while probiotics are often regulated as foods or dietary supplements. Rigorous clinical trials, quality control, donor screening, and ethical standards are essential to address safety and long-term effects.