Micoregion

A microregion is a geographical and administrative subdivision used primarily in Brazil to organize and manage regional planning and development. The concept was introduced in the 1970s as part of Brazil’s decentralization efforts to address regional disparities and improve governance. Unlike larger regions or states, microregions are smaller, more localized units designed to facilitate targeted economic, social, and environmental policies.

Microregions are typically defined based on economic, demographic, and geographic similarities, such as shared infrastructure, labor markets, or cultural ties. Each microregion consists of multiple municipalities (municipalities are Brazil’s equivalent of counties or towns) that collaborate on shared challenges like healthcare, education, and infrastructure development. This structure helps balance resources and opportunities between urban centers and rural areas.

The classification of microregions is based on criteria established by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). These regions are periodically reviewed to reflect demographic changes and evolving administrative needs. While microregions lack formal political authority, they serve as practical frameworks for regional cooperation and policy implementation.

Similar concepts exist in other countries, such as the *NUTS* (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) divisions in the European Union, though Brazil’s microregions are distinct in their focus on municipal collaboration and decentralized planning. The system aims to enhance local governance while aligning with broader national development strategies.