Metylaatioprosesseja
Metylaatioprosesseja, also known as methylation processes, are biochemical reactions that involve the addition of a methyl group (CH3) to a substrate molecule. These processes are fundamental in various biological and chemical systems, playing crucial roles in gene regulation, detoxification, and the synthesis of various compounds. Methylation can occur on different types of substrates, including DNA, RNA, proteins, and small molecules.
In DNA methylation, a methyl group is added to the cytosine bases, typically at the 5-position, forming
In RNA methylation, methyl groups are added to specific nucleotides, such as N6-methyladenosine in mRNA. This
Protein methylation involves the addition of a methyl group to specific amino acid residues, such as lysine
Methylation of small molecules, such as neurotransmitters and hormones, can alter their biological activity and signaling.
Metylaatioprosesseja are catalyzed by specific enzymes, known as methyltransferases, which use S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as the methyl