Meristemikokoelmat

Meristemikokoelmat, also known as meristem culture collections, are specialized archives of plant meristematic tissues. These collections are maintained for various purposes, primarily for conservation and research. Meristems, the actively dividing tissues found in plant shoot and root tips, are chosen because they are often virus-free and represent the genetic material of the parent plant.

The process of creating a meristemikokoelma typically involves aseptic tissue culture techniques. Small pieces of meristem are excised and placed on nutrient-rich growth media under controlled laboratory conditions. This allows for rapid multiplication of the meristematic cells and the regeneration of whole plantlets. These regenerated plantlets or the meristematic tissues themselves can then be cryopreserved, a method of long-term storage at very low temperatures, usually in liquid nitrogen. This cryopreservation ensures the genetic integrity and viability of the stored material for extended periods.

Meristemikokoelmat play a crucial role in the conservation of endangered plant species, allowing for the preservation of genetic diversity that might be lost in natural habitats. They also serve as a valuable resource for plant breeders and researchers, providing access to disease-free planting material for crop improvement and for studying plant physiology and genetics. Furthermore, these collections can be used to reintroduce species into their native environments or to establish new populations. The standardization of protocols and rigorous quality control are essential for the long-term success and utility of meristemikokoelmat.