Meisterhau

Meisterhau refers to a specific set of foundational techniques in German longsword fencing, particularly as codified by Joachim Meyer in his 1570 Fechtbuch. These are considered the "master cuts" or "master blows" and form the bedrock upon which more complex actions are built. While the exact number and terminology can vary slightly between interpretations and other masters, Meyer outlines five principal Meisterhau. These are the Oberhau (over-cut), Mittelhau (middle-cut), Unterhau (under-cut), Krumphau (curved-cut), and Zwerchhau (diagonal or transversal-cut).

Each Meisterhau is designed to be effective both offensively and defensively. They are not merely simple strikes but also serve as guards or ways to deflect an opponent's blade. For example, an Oberhau can be used to strike down at an opponent's head, but it can also be employed to parry an incoming high cut. Similarly, the Zwerchhau, a sweeping diagonal cut, can be used to attack the opponent's openings or to break their incoming strike. The proficiency in executing and understanding the applications of these fundamental cuts was crucial for any fencer aiming to master the longsword art. They represent the essential building blocks of the system, emphasizing efficiency, control, and directness.