Makrocytáris

Makrocytáris refers to a condition where red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, are larger than normal. This is typically measured by the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in a complete blood count (CBC). An elevated MCV indicates the presence of macrocytosis. Macrocytosis itself is not a disease but rather a sign that can be caused by a variety of underlying conditions.

The most common causes of macrocytosis include vitamin B12 deficiency and folate deficiency, both of which are essential for DNA synthesis and red blood cell production. Without adequate amounts of these vitamins, red blood cells develop abnormally and become larger. Other causes can include certain medications, liver disease, hypothyroidism, and myelodysplastic syndromes. In some cases, alcohol abuse can also lead to macrocytosis.

Symptoms of macrocytosis are often related to the underlying cause. If the macrocytosis is due to a vitamin deficiency, symptoms might include fatigue, weakness, and neurological problems like numbness or tingling. Severe anemia resulting from macrocytosis can also cause shortness of breath and dizziness. Diagnosis involves a CBC to confirm elevated MCV, followed by further blood tests to identify the specific cause. Treatment focuses on addressing the root issue, such as vitamin supplementation or managing underlying medical conditions.