Makrocytäritet

Makrocytäritet refers to the presence of abnormally large red blood cells in the bloodstream. These larger-than-normal erythrocytes are often identified during a complete blood count (CBC) through a measurement called the mean corpuscular volume (MCV). An elevated MCV indicates makrocytäritet.

The formation of makrocytes can be due to several underlying factors. A common cause is vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, essential vitamins required for DNA synthesis and red blood cell maturation. When these vitamins are lacking, DNA replication is impaired, leading to cells that are larger but fewer in number. Alcohol abuse is another significant contributor, as chronic excessive alcohol consumption can interfere with hematopoiesis and nutrient absorption. Certain medications, such as some chemotherapy drugs or anticonvulsants, can also induce makrocytäritet as a side effect.

In some instances, makrocytäritet can be a symptom of more serious conditions like myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), a group of disorders where the bone marrow fails to produce enough healthy blood cells. Liver disease and hypothyroidism are also occasionally associated with the development of abnormally large red blood cells. Diagnosis typically involves identifying the elevated MCV and then investigating the underlying cause through further blood tests, dietary assessment, or medical history review. Treatment focuses on addressing the root cause, such as vitamin supplementation or discontinuing offending medications.