Magnetiseerimisvool

Magnetiseerimisvool, also known as magnetizing current or magnetizing force, is the component of the total current in an inductive circuit that is responsible for producing the magnetic flux in the core of an inductor or transformer. It is a reactive current, meaning it does not dissipate power as heat (unlike the resistive current component). Instead, it stores energy in the magnetic field.

This current lags behind the applied voltage by approximately 90 degrees in an ideal inductor. In a real inductor, there is also a resistive component due to the resistance of the winding, which causes the magnetizing current to lag by slightly less than 90 degrees. The magnetizing current is crucial for the operation of transformers and induction motors, as it establishes the magnetic field necessary for energy transfer or conversion.

The magnitude of the magnetizing current depends on the inductance of the coil and the applied voltage. A higher inductance or a lower voltage will result in a smaller magnetizing current, while a lower inductance or a higher voltage will lead to a larger magnetizing current. This current is sometimes referred to as the "no-load current" in transformers, as it is the primary current component when no load is connected. Understanding magnetiseerimisvool is essential for analyzing and designing electrical devices that rely on magnetic fields.