MHCpohjaiset

MHCpohjaiset (Major Histocompatibility Complex class I molecules presenting peptides with C-terminal hydrophobic or cationic residues) are a class of subtypes of MHC class I molecules. These molecules play a crucial role in the immune system, specifically in the presentation of peptide antigens to T-cells.

Each MHC class I molecule consists of a heavy chain with three domains, alpha 1, alpha 2, and alpha 3, which form a groove that can bind to peptide antigens. The peptides 9-11 amino acids in length are presented by the antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to the T-cells. MHC class I molecules are essential for the recognition of self and foreign peptides.

MHCpohjaiset bind peptides with hydrophobic or cationic residues at the C-terminus, and these residues are important for the recognition by the T-cell receptor. The peptides bound by these molecules are often derived from intracellular proteins. This makes MHCpohjaiset particularly important in the context of viral immunology, where the antigens often originate from the proteins of the virus.

In contrast to MHC molecules that present peptides with hydrophilic or neutral residues at the C-terminus, MHCpohjaiset restrict the pool of possible peptides presented to the T-cells. This further limits the number of potential antigens that a single MHC molecule can present. This specificity also contributes to the diversity within the MHC class I gene complex.

MHCpohjaiset have been implicated in various immune responses, and dysregulation of these molecules has been associated with several autoimmune and infectious diseases.