Míkrómetrar

Míkrómetrar, also known as micrometers, are precision measuring instruments used to determine small distances with a high degree of accuracy. They are essential tools in manufacturing, engineering, and scientific research where precise measurements are critical. The basic principle of a micrometer involves a calibrated screw mechanism. When the spindle is turned, it moves closer to or farther from the anvil, and the distance moved is precisely indicated on a graduated sleeve and thimble.

There are several types of micrometers, including external micrometers, which are the most common and used to measure the outside dimensions of an object; internal micrometers, designed for measuring internal diameters; and depth micrometers, used for measuring the depth of holes or slots. Micrometers typically have a measuring range of a few millimeters up to several hundred millimeters, depending on the model. The precision of a micrometer is usually in the range of 0.01 millimeters or 0.001 millimeters, making them significantly more accurate than standard rulers or calipers.

Proper use and calibration of a micrometer are vital for obtaining accurate measurements. Before use, the micrometer should be cleaned, and the zero reading should be checked. To take a measurement, the object is placed between the anvil and the spindle, and the thimble is rotated until the spindle gently contacts the object. The measurement is then read from the scales on the sleeve and thimble. Regular calibration against known standards ensures the continued accuracy of the instrument.