Löschwasser

Löschwasser is water used to extinguish fires. It refers to water drawn from the public supply, fire hydrants, rivers, lakes, or stored in firefighting vehicles, and may be used alone or with extinguishing agents. The term is common in German-speaking fire protection practice and distinguishes firefighting water from ordinary process or drinking water.

Sources and delivery: In urban areas the municipal water network and hydrants provide the primary Löschwasser supply. When mains pressure is insufficient or unavailable, water may be drawn from natural sources or supplied by tanker trucks and water tenders. Fire engines carry onboard pumps and water tanks, while portable pumps (Tragkraftspritzen) can be quickly connected to a nearby water source. For large incidents, water transfer operations extend supply over long distances using hoses, external pumps, and aerial water streams from monitors or firefighting aircraft equipment where applicable.

Use and planning: The required Löschwasser quantity depends on fire load, building type, and exposure. Fire protection concepts, building regulations, and local plans define adequate water supply provisions. Fire departments develop Löschwasserversorgung strategies to ensure reliable access to sufficient water for urban districts and critical infrastructure. In many cases Löschwasser is used in combination with foam or other extinguishing agents to improve effectiveness on specific fire types.

Environmental and regulatory aspects: The use of Löschwasser can create contaminated runoff, particularly when extinguishing agents are involved. Pollution-control measures, retention systems, and treatment arrangements are considered in firefighting plans. Coordination with water authorities may be required during large-scale operations to protect water resources and supply networks.