Lysoszómákba

Lysoszómákba is a Hungarian term referring to lysosomes. Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles found in animal cells. They contain a variety of hydrolytic enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris. Lysosomes function as the digestive system of the cell. They fuse with vesicles containing ingested material, such as phagocytosed bacteria or damaged organelles, and then degrade their contents.

The process by which lysosomes break down cellular components is called autophagy. This is a vital process for maintaining cellular health by removing damaged or unnecessary components. Lysosomal enzymes are active in an acidic environment, maintained by a proton pump in the lysosomal membrane. Defects in lysosomal enzymes can lead to a class of genetic disorders known as lysosomal storage diseases, where undigested material accumulates within the cell, causing harm. Examples include Tay-Sachs disease and Gaucher disease. Lysosomes play a crucial role in cellular homeostasis, defense against pathogens, and programmed cell death (apoptosis).