Loogikalülitusi

Loogikalülitusi, also known as logic gates, are fundamental building blocks of digital circuits. They perform basic logical operations on one or more binary inputs to produce a single binary output. These operations are based on Boolean algebra, where inputs and outputs are represented by truth values, typically 0 (false) and 1 (true).

The most common types of logic gates include: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR. An AND gate outputs 1 only if all its inputs are 1. An OR gate outputs 1 if at least one of its inputs is 1. A NOT gate, also known as an inverter, has a single input and outputs the opposite of that input. A NAND gate is the inverse of an AND gate, outputting 0 only if all inputs are 1. Similarly, a NOR gate is the inverse of an OR gate, outputting 1 only if all inputs are 0. An XOR (exclusive OR) gate outputs 1 if an odd number of inputs are 1. The XNOR gate is the inverse of XOR, outputting 1 if an even number of inputs are 1.

Logic gates are implemented using electronic components such as transistors. By combining these basic gates in various configurations, complex digital circuits can be constructed to perform sophisticated tasks. These circuits form the basis of all modern electronic devices, from simple calculators to advanced computers and smartphones. Understanding the functionality of logic gates is crucial for comprehending how digital electronics operate.