Loogikalülitused

Loogikalülitused, also known as logic gates, are fundamental building blocks of digital circuits. They are electronic devices that perform a basic logical operation on one or more binary inputs and produce a single binary output. The output is determined by the input values according to a specific logical function. The most common logic gates are AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR.

An AND gate outputs a 1 only if all of its inputs are 1. An OR gate outputs a 1 if at least one of its inputs is 1. A NOT gate, also known as an inverter, has a single input and outputs the opposite of that input; if the input is 0, the output is 1, and vice versa. NAND gates are equivalent to an AND gate followed by a NOT gate, meaning they output 0 only when all inputs are 1. NOR gates are equivalent to an OR gate followed by a NOT gate, outputting 1 only when all inputs are 0. XOR (exclusive OR) gates output 1 if the inputs are different, and 0 if they are the same. XNOR gates are the inverse of XOR, outputing 1 if the inputs are the same and 0 if they are different.

These gates are implemented using transistors, which act as electronic switches. By combining various logic gates in specific arrangements, complex digital circuits can be created, forming the basis for microprocessors, memory units, and virtually all other digital electronic devices. Understanding loogikalülitused is crucial for anyone studying or working in the field of digital electronics and computer engineering.