Lobeliad

Lobeliad is a term that has been used to refer to a class of compounds derived from or related to lobeline, a naturally occurring alkaloid found in plants of the genus Lobelia, most notably Indian tobacco (Lobelia inflata). Lobeline itself is a piperidine alkaloid with a structure similar to nicotine. Historically, lobelia extracts and lobeline have been used in traditional medicine for various purposes, including as an emetic, a respiratory stimulant, and an aid for smoking cessation.

The term "lobeliad" might also encompass synthetic analogs or derivatives of lobeline that were developed for pharmacological research or potential therapeutic applications. These compounds were investigated for their effects on the central nervous system, particularly their interaction with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Some research explored their potential in treating conditions like Parkinson's disease or as cognitive enhancers, though their clinical use has been limited due to side effects and the availability of more effective alternatives.

Due to toxicity concerns and variable efficacy, the medicinal use of lobelia and lobeline has declined significantly in modern Western medicine. In some regions, its use is restricted or banned. The pharmacological properties of lobeliad compounds continue to be of interest in scientific research, primarily for understanding receptor mechanisms and as tools for neurobiological studies rather than as direct therapeutic agents.