Lisähengityskeskuksia

Lisähengityskeskuksia refers to accessory breathing muscles that can be recruited to assist in respiration, particularly during strenuous physical activity or when the primary respiratory muscles are compromised. These muscles supplement the action of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, which are the main drivers of breathing.

Commonly identified accessory breathing muscles include those in the neck and abdomen. The sternocleidomastoid and scalene muscles in the neck can lift the rib cage, increasing thoracic volume. The abdominal muscles, such as the rectus abdominis and obliques, can contract to forcefully exhale, pushing air out of the lungs more rapidly and efficiently.

The use of accessory breathing muscles is a sign of increased respiratory effort. While normal, quiet breathing relies on the diaphragm and intercostals, their utilization during rest can indicate underlying respiratory distress or disease. Conditions like asthma, COPD, or pneumonia may necessitate the recruitment of these muscles to maintain adequate oxygenation. Prolonged or excessive reliance on accessory muscles can lead to fatigue and further compromise respiratory function. Their presence is an important clinical indicator for healthcare professionals assessing respiratory health.